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Religion in Japan:
Shinto and Buddhism 

Shinto("the Way of the Gods") is the name given Japan's native religion.  N. Alica Yamada, Chief of Staff in 1996 for the weekly online magazine Trincoll Journal ("The Net's First Multimedia Magazine"), discusses Shinto: The Way of the Gods in a nicely illustrated essay -- a good place to start your own exploration. children at Shinto shrine Another more extensive description of Shinto history, beliefs and practices can be found at a Canadian site dedicated to increasing religious tolerance.      
  

Matthew Johnson, working with material supplied by Yamada Masaharu, can take you on a visit to a typical Shinto shrine. Hideo Nihara, an eleventh grade student at St. Mary's International School in Tokyo, has put together a nice web project discussing Shinto as part of his school's entry (entitled "Living in Tokyo Is ...") in International Schools CyberFair 96. 

Evidently this interest in cyberspace among Shinto institutions represents a vigorous new trend. Helen Hardacre at Harvard University has pointed out that Shinto priests are currently debating the validity of "cybervisits" to various shrines maintaining web sites on the Internet as legitimate "religious pilgrimages"; a number of the sites tied to this debate are listed (and illustrated) at Cyber Shrine, together with links to other shrine visit web sites (most, however, available only in Japanese).

Visits to Shinto shrine complexes are often commemorated through the collection of calligraphy-enhanced vermillion stamps, illustrated examples of which can be seen at the Gods' Sign web site.
  

For those interested in exploring further, a brief article by Carmen Blacker (excerpted from remarks made at an international symposium on "Shinto and Japanese Culture" held in England) discusses "Shinto and the Sacred Dimension of Nature", and a guide to Basic Terms of Shinto is provided by the Institute for Japanese Cultural and Classics at Kokugakuin University. 

 

Buddhism (which arrived in Japan from neighboring China in the sixth century) also gains its share of cyberspace.  An extended and illustrated historical overview provided by the Aizu History Project is a good place to begin. 

entrance to Eheiji in WinterOne can tour Eheiji, one of Japan's most important Zen temples, or inquire about the practice of Buddhist meditation at Kyoto Zen.  Another option: wander through  the temples (and shrines) of Kamakura in the company of photographer Peter Miller.  Japan's most popular Buddhist sect, the Shin or "True" sect, invites a visit to The White Path Temple to learn more about their practices and beliefs. 
  

ShakyamuniExamples of contemporary Buddhist religious art and traditional sculpture can be found at these two online commercial sites. The Pure Land Mandala Study Group has examples of this form of religious expression available as links from its site along with connections to other Jodo ("Pure Land") sect web locations. 

Jamie Marconi's Images from Japan provides a number of photographs of Buddhist temples and related sights among his rich collection of digitized pictures. 

a SHUIN temple stampRoku Jizo in Shade by Yujo  
Matthew Johnson's interests are not confined to Shinto; he has amassed and annotated as well a wonderful scrapbook of shuin, "temple stamps" acquired as momentos of visits to various Buddhist sacred places.  The Japanese watercolor artist Yujo has painted one hundred images of Jizo (often thought of as the protector of small children and travelers).  Both collections are well worth a "cybervisit". 

  

Kokugakuin University also has an extended book-length collection of scholarly articles on Buddhist "new religions" emerging in Japan since the end of World War II in its series on Contemporary Papers on Japanese Religion.





    created, designed and maintained
    by Lee A. Makela (l.makela@csuohio.edu)
    as part of a project begun in February 1995


Last revised: February 7, 2001